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Whether deployed in space or on the surface of the earth, remote sensing instruments are increasingly becoming standard archaeological tools. Space age techniques have begun to accumulate a wealth of information and unusual evidence such as the presence of sand-buried courses of ancient rivers in the Sahara and the associated remains of human occupations. Perhaps as important, some have been able to gather priceless knowledge without disturbing fragile sites--a capability that is particularly significant in this era of conservation. Remote Sensing in Archaeology illustrates the uses of advanced technology in archaeological investigation. It deals with hand-held instruments that probe the subsurface of the earth to unveil layering and associated sites; underwater exploration and photography of submerged sites and artifacts; and the utilization of imaging from aircraft and spacecraft to reveal the regional setting of archaeological sites and to assist in cultural resource management. In each case, the technical developments are explained first, followed by examples of applications as case studies. Contributors are renowned experts from the international scientific community. Each chapter is composed as a self-standing contribution with a summary and an introduction to help the reader grasp the value of its contents. The book is profusely illustrated with graphs and photographs to explain the methodologies and results, so that the reader may better understand the principles involved and apply the knowledge gained to similar environments. Complete lists of references cited will also allow the reader to investigate more deeply the problems and findings. "This book provides an excellent and diverse overview of the emerging capability of remote sensing archaeology and is a very valuable and important text for archaeologists in their quest to use advanced technology to help in their studies of exploration, and for remote sensing technologists and scientists by giving them a good understanding of the challenges that archaeologists find in their endeavors. The editors are to be applauded for bringing together such an excellent collection of authors and articles to cover this important emerging field."--Charles Elachi, Director, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (NASA), Pasadena, California

Intro -- Series Editor's Preface -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Author -- 1 Fundamentals of Satellite Remote Sensing Technology -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Physical Basis of Satellite Remote Sensing -- 1.2.1 Electromagnetic Wave and Electromagnetic Spectrum -- 1.2.2 Solar Radiation Characteristics -- 1.2.3 Interaction Between Solar Radiation and Atmosphere -- 1.2.4 Interaction Between Electromagnetic Radiation and Target -- 1.3 Terrestrial Environment -- 1.3.1 Analysis of Satellite On-Orbit Environment and Effect -- 1.3.2 Charged Particle Radiation Environment -- 1.3.3 Vacuum -- 1.3.4 Neutral Atmosphere -- 1.3.5 Solar Electromagnetic Radiation -- 1.3.6 Solar Disturbance -- 1.3.7 Total Dose Effect of Space Radiation -- 1.3.8 Spatial Displacement Effect -- 1.3.9 Spatial Single Event Effect -- 1.4 Introduction to Satellite Remote Sensing Engineering System -- Reference -- 2 Space Orbit Design of Remote Sensing Satellite -- 2.1 Overview -- 2.1.1 Classification by Orbit Altitude -- 2.1.2 Classification by Orbital Characteristics -- 2.2 Design Requirements and Characteristics of Remote Sensing Satellite Orbits -- 2.2.1 Orbit Design Analysis of Optical Remote Sensing Satellite -- 2.2.2 Orbit Design Analysis of Microwave Remote Sensing Satellite -- 2.3 Analysis and Design of Multi-mission Orbits for Optical Remote Sensing Satellite -- 2.3.1 Orbit Selection Principle -- 2.3.2 Satellite Multi-mission Orbit Design -- 2.3.3 Design of Satellite Multi-mission Orbit Parameters -- 2.3.4 Orbit Control -- 2.3.5 Orbit Control Fuel Consumption -- 2.3.6 Mission Application Strategy -- 2.3.7 Design of Initial Orbit Offset -- 2.3.8 Drift Characteristics of LTDN -- 2.3.9 Design of Resolution and Revisit Ability -- 2.4 Orbital Analysis and Design of Microwave Imaging Remote Sensing Satellite -- 2.4.1 Orbit Selection Principle -- 2.4.2 Orbital Parameter Determination.

Remote sensing is a powerful tool used in biometeorology to study the interactions between the atmosphere and living organisms, particularly plants. Through satellite-based sensors, researchers can observe and analyze a range of biophysical parameters related to vegetation, such as leaf area index, biomass, vegetation cover, and land surface temperature. This data can be used to estimate plant growth, productivity, and water use efficiency, as well as monitor environmental conditions, such as drought, heat stress, and air pollution. Remote sensing is used in the development of crop models for agricultural management and to study the impact of climate change on plant communities and ecosystems. By tracking changes in vegetation cover and productivity, as well as changes in phenology, remote sensing helps researchers identify optimal planting times, irrigation schedules, and predict crop yields.

... certainly fills a critical niche in remote sensing applications, since not many remote sensing textbooks deal with the dynamics of complex coastal environments. This book is edited by Professor Yeqiao Wang, an internationally known expert in the field of coastal remote sensing. Most of the contributing authors are well-respected researchers. The book is suitable for use by advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and practitioners in the field. -Yang Shoo, PhD, Research Associate, National Research Counsel, United States Environmental Protection Agency, in Photogrammetric, December 2010All in all, this publication covers many remote sensing techniques and their various current applications. ... it is no doubt an extremely useful and informative body of work for those already familiar with the subject matter covered. One suspects that the evolution of remote sensing techniques will be more rapid than the coastal changes that they are now being used to detect and monitor. For this reason, it is highly probable that we shall see more on this theme in the future. ... this publication represents an excellent snapshot of the current situation.-Nick Bray, Terra et Aqua, 2010.

This paper will be primarily concerned with the application of satellite remote sensing in Singapore. Remote Sensing does not rank high in government priorities. It is carried out mainly at the National University of Singapore. Initially financial support came from only the University but now financial support also comes from the Ministry of Science and Technology.